WHAT CAUSES ACNE ?
Acne is caused by a combination of genetic, hormonal and local factors acting on the sebaceous glands of the skin. Sebaceous glands are the oil-producing glands of the skin and they are most numerous on the face.
In the development of acne four major changes occur in these glands to produce the lesions commonly referred to as "pimples":

Skin cells block the openings of the glands at the skin surface (the pores).

There is an increased production of oil by the sebaceous glands. This is especially so at puberty and during adolescence.

Bacteria, which normally live in the sebaceous glands, begin to multiply when the glands become blocked and distended with material.

The multiplication of these bacteria then produces the inflammation that we recognise as "pimples".
Many cosmetic foundations, creams and especially moisturisers contain oils which can block the pores and either aggravate or be the sole cause of the acne.
Despite popular opinion, acne is NOT caused by dietary factors such as eating chocolates and sweets, nor is it a result of unclean skin.
THE TREATMENT OF ACNE
The specific treatment for each individual case of acne is formulated only after a detailed history and thorough assessment of the skin. The actual treatment prescribed usually includes one or more of the following:
- Total Avoidance of All Oily Cosmetics
- Topical Therapy to unblock the pores
- Antibiotics (not routinely prescribed, usually only in the initial phases of treatment if at all)
- Hormonal Therapy
- Roaccutane (Iso-Tretinoin): Roaccutane has a profound effect on acne and is the only real cure for acne. The drug is taken orally for 12-16 weeks and most people require one course only.
Depending on the history and state of your acne, the doctor will decide which treatment or combination of treatments is best indicated for your acne.